He aha ke keʻena maʻemaʻe?

ʻO ka lumi hoʻomaʻemaʻe

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia ʻoihana kahi e hiki ai i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ke hoʻopilikia i ke kaʻina hana. ʻOkoʻa lākou i ka nui a me ka paʻakikī, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana e like me ka semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, biotech, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻepekema ola, a me ka hana koʻikoʻi hana maʻamau i ka aerospace, optics, pūʻali koa a me ka ʻoihana o ka ikehu.

ʻO kahi lumi maʻemaʻe kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i nā wahi i hoʻolako ʻia e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaiapuni ʻē aʻe e like me ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa a me ke kaomi. ʻO ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka kānana High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pahele ʻana i nā ʻāpana he 0.3 micron a ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO nā ea a pau i lawe ʻia i kahi lumi maʻemaʻe e hele i nā kānana HEPA, a i kekahi mau manawa kahi e pono ai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ikaika, hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana Ultra Low Particulate Air (ULPA).
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui ʻia nā limahana i koho ʻia e hana i nā lumi maʻemaʻe i ka manaʻo hoʻomalu contamination. Komo lākou a puka i waho o ka lumi maʻemaʻe ma o nā lewa, ka ua a me / a i ʻole nā ​​lumi ʻaʻahu, a pono lākou e ʻaʻahu i nā lole kūikawā i hoʻolālā ʻia e pahele i nā mea haumia i hana maoli ʻia e ka ʻili a me ke kino.
Ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka lumi a i ʻole ka hana, hiki ke kaupalena ʻia ka ʻaʻahu o nā limahana e like me nā ʻaʻahu lab a me nā ʻupena lauoho, a i ʻole e like me ka nui i hoʻopuni piha ʻia i loko o nā lole bunny layered he nui me nā mea hana hanu.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā lole lumi maʻemaʻe e pale aku i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana mai ke kino o ka mea hoʻohana a hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole pono ka lole lumi maʻemaʻe e hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​fibers e pale ai i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni e nā limahana. Hiki i kēia ʻano o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o nā limahana ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana huahana i ka semiconductor a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi cross-infection ma waena o nā limahana lapaʻau a me nā mea maʻi i ka ʻoihana mālama olakino.
ʻO nā lole lumi maʻemaʻe he mau kāmaʻa, kāmaʻa, pale, uhi ʻumiʻumi, pāpale bouffant, uhi uhi, pale maka, ʻaʻahu / lole lab, nā ʻaʻahu, ka mīkina lima a me nā moena manamana lima, nā lauoho, nā puʻu lima, nā uhi kāmaʻa. Pono ke ʻano o nā lole lumi maʻemaʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lumi maʻemaʻe a me nā kikoʻī huahana. Pono nā lumi ma'ema'e ha'aha'a e koi wale i nā kāma'a kūikawā me nā kapua'i ma'ema'e loa e hele 'ole i ka lepo a i ka lepo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokumu ʻia nā kumu o nā kāmaʻa i nā pōʻino paheʻe no ka mea ʻoi mau ka palekana. Pono ka lole lumi maʻemaʻe no ke komo ʻana i kahi lumi maʻemaʻe. Hiki i ka papa 10,000 lumi maʻemaʻe ke hoʻohana i nā smocks maʻalahi, nā uhi poʻo, a me nā kāmaʻa. No nā lumi maʻemaʻe Papa 10, pono ke ʻaʻahu ʻana i nā ʻaʻahu makaʻala me ka uhi zipped a pau, pono nā kāmaʻa, nā mīkina lima a me ka pa o ka respirator piha.

ʻO nā loina o ka ea lumi maʻemaʻe

Mālama nā lumi maʻemaʻe i ka ea maʻemaʻe ʻole ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kānana HEPA a i ʻole ULPA e hoʻohana ana i nā loina hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ea laminar. Laminar, a unidirectional paha, nā ʻōnaehana kahe o ka ea e kuhikuhi pono i ka ea kānana i lalo i kahi kahawai mau. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻōnaehana kahe ea Laminar ma waena o 100% o ke kaupaku e mālama i ka kahe unidirectional mau. Hōʻike ʻia nā pae hoʻoheheʻe Laminar ma nā keʻena hana lawe lima (LF hoods), a ua kauoha ʻia ma ISO-1 ma o ISO-4 nā lumi maʻemaʻe.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā lumi maʻemaʻe kūpono e hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolaha ea holoʻokoʻa, me nā lako no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka ea i lalo. I loko o nā lumi hoʻoheheʻe kū pololei, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ea pā haʻahaʻa e hoʻi a puni ka perimeter o ka ʻāpana. Ma nā noi kahe ʻana, pono ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻihoʻi ea ma ka palena o lalo o ke kaʻina hana. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ke ea i kau ʻia i ke kaupaku he kūʻē i ka hoʻolālā ʻōnaehana lumi maʻemaʻe kūpono.

Hoʻokaʻawale lumi maʻemaʻe

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe e ka maʻemaʻe o ka ea. Ma ka Federal Standard 209 (A a i D) o USA, ua ana ʻia ka helu o nā ʻāpana like a ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.5µm i hoʻokahi kapuaʻi cubic o ka ea, a ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia helu no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka lumi maʻemaʻe. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia nomenclature metric ma ka mana 209E hou loa o ka Standard. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Federal Standard 209E ma ka home. ʻO ka maʻamau hou ʻo TC 209 mai ka International Standards Organization. Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kūlana ʻelua i kahi lumi maʻemaʻe e ka helu o nā ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka ea o ka hale hana. Pono nā kūlana hoʻohālikelike lumi maʻemaʻe FS 209E a me ISO 14644-1 i nā ana helu kikoʻī kikoʻī a me nā helu ʻana e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pae maʻemaʻe o kahi lumi maʻemaʻe a i ʻole kahi maʻemaʻe. Ma UK, hoʻohana ʻia ka British Standard 5295 e hoʻokaʻawale i nā lumi maʻemaʻe. E pani ʻia kēia maʻamau e BS EN ISO 14644-1.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe e like me ka helu a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana i ʻae ʻia no ka nui o ka ea. ʻO nā helu nui e like me "papa 100" a i ʻole "papa 1000" e pili ana i ka FED_STD-209E, a hōʻike i ka helu o nā ʻāpana o ka nui 0.5 µm a i ʻole ka nui i ʻae ʻia i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic o ka ea. ʻAe ka maʻamau i ka interpolation, no laila hiki ke wehewehe e laʻa me "papa 2000."
ʻO nā helu liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā kūlana ISO 14644-1, e kuhikuhi ana i ka logarithm decimal o ka helu o nā ʻāpana 0.1 µm a i ʻole ka nui i ʻae ʻia i kēlā me kēia mika cubic o ka ea. No laila, no ka laʻana, aia ma kahi lumi maʻemaʻe ISO papa 5 he 105 = 100,000 mau ʻāpana i ka m³.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo FS 209E a me ISO 14644-1 i nā pilina log-log ma waena o ka nui o nā ʻāpana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana. No ia kumu, ʻaʻohe mea e like me ka zero particle concentration. ʻO ka ea lumi maʻamau ma kahi o ka papa 1,000,000 a i ʻole ISO 9.

ISO 14644-1 Nā Kūlana lumi maʻemaʻe