ʻO kahi lumi maʻemaʻe e pili ana i kahi wahi i hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ʻia kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā ʻāpana e like me ka maʻemaʻe o ka ea, ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ke kaomi, a me ka walaʻau e like me ka mea e pono ai. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe i nā ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe e like me semiconductors, electronics, pharmaceuticals, aviation, aerospace, a me biomedicine. Wahi a ka 2010 version of GMP, hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau i nā wahi maʻemaʻe i ʻehā mau pae: A, B, C, a me D ma muli o nā hōʻailona e like me ka maʻemaʻe o ka ea, ke kaomi ʻana o ka ea, ka nui o ka ea, ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, ka walaʻau, a me ka ʻike microbial.
Papa A lumi maemae
ʻO ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa 100 a i ʻole lumi maʻemaʻe ultra-maʻemaʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā lumi maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomalu i ka helu o nā ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic i ka lewa i ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 35.5, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana i ʻoi aku ma mua o a i ʻole like me 0.5um no ka cubic mika o ka ea ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 3,520 (static and dynamic). He koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ko ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa A a koi aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kānana hepa, ka mana o ka puʻe ʻokoʻa, nā ʻōnaehana ea, a me nā ʻōnaehana mālama wela a me ka haʻahaʻa e hoʻokō ai i kā lākou mau koi maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke keʻena maʻemaʻe Papa A he mau wahi hana pilikia nui. E like me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana, kahi kahi e pani ai i nā pahu pahu pahu a me nā pahu pahu hāmama i ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana me nā hoʻomākaukau sterile, a me kahi no ka hui aseptic a i ʻole nā hana pili. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana microelectronics, biopharmaceuticals, precision instrument manufacturing, aerospace a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Papa B lumi maemae
Kapa ʻia ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa B 100 lumi maʻemaʻe. He haʻahaʻa kona pae hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka nui a i ʻole like me 0.5um no cubic mika o ka ea e ʻae ʻia e hiki i 3520 (static) 35,2000 (dynamic). Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana Hepa a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopau no ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa, ka mahana a me ka ʻokoʻa o ke kaomi o ka kaiapuni o loko. ʻO ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa B e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao hope kahi i loaʻa ai ka papa A maʻemaʻe no nā hana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka hoʻomākaukau aseptic a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka biomedicine, ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau, ka mīkini pololei a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Papa C lumi maemae
Kapa ʻia ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa C 10,000 lumi maʻemaʻe. He haʻahaʻa kona pae hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka nui a i ʻole like me 0.5um no cubic mika o ka ea e ʻae ʻia e hiki i 352,000 (static) 352,0000 (dynamic). Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana Hepa, ka mana puʻuwai maikaʻi, ke kahe ʻana o ka ea, ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe e hoʻokō i kā lākou mau kūlana maʻemaʻe kikoʻī. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa C i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mīkini kikoʻī a me ka hana ʻenehana uila a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Papa D lumi maemae
Kapa ʻia ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa D papa 100,000 lumi maʻemaʻe. He haʻahaʻa kona pae maʻemaʻe, e ʻae ana i 3,520,000 mau ʻāpana i ʻoi aku ka nui a i ʻole like me 0.5um no ka mika cubic o ka ea (static). Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā kānana hepa maʻamau a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke kaomi maikaʻi maʻamau a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ea no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni o loko. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa D i ka hana ʻoihana maʻamau, ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka paʻi ʻana, ka hale kūʻai a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa nā papa like ʻole o nā lumi maʻemaʻe i kā lākou pono ponoʻī o ka noi a koho ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā pono maoli. Ma nā noi kūpono, he hana koʻikoʻi ka mālama kaiapuni o nā lumi maʻemaʻe, e pili ana i ka noʻonoʻo piha ʻana i nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻepekema wale nō e hiki ke hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa o ka lumi lumi maʻemaʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-27-2025