ʻO ka lumi maʻemaʻe, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he lumi lepo ʻole, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka hana ʻana a ua kapa ʻia hoʻi he hale hana lepo ʻole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe i nā pae he nui e pili ana i ko lākou maʻemaʻe. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pae maʻemaʻe ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole ma nā tausani a me nā haneli, a ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pae maʻemaʻe.
He aha ka lumi maʻemaʻe?
1. Wehewehena o ka lumi maʻemaʻe
ʻO ka lumi maʻemaʻe e pili ana i kahi wahi i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia e kaohi ana i ka maʻemaʻe o ka ea, ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ke kaomi, ka walaʻau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka mea e pono ai.
2. Ke kuleana o ka lumi maʻemaʻe
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe i nā ʻoihana i pilikia nui i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, e like me ka hana semiconductor, biotechnology, mīkini kikoʻī, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā haukapila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I waena o lākou, he mau koi koʻikoʻi ko ka ʻoihana semiconductor no ka mahana o loko, ka haʻahaʻa, a me ka maʻemaʻe, no laila pono e kāohi ʻia i loko o kahi pae koi i ʻole e hoʻopilikia i ke kaʻina hana. Ma ke ʻano he hale hana, hiki i ka lumi maʻemaʻe ke noho i nā wahi he nui i loko o kahi hale hana.
3. Pehea e kūkulu ai i kahi lumi maʻemaʻe
He hana ʻoihana loa ke kūkulu ʻana i ka lumi maʻemaʻe, e pono ai kahi hui ʻoihana a mākaukau hoʻi e hoʻolālā a hoʻopilikino i nā mea āpau mai ka lepo, a i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoulu ea, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā kaupaku kau, a me nā keʻena, nā paia, a pēlā aku.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me nā kahua noi o nā lumi maʻemaʻe
Wahi a ke kūlana Federal Standard (FS) 209E, 1992 i hoʻopuka ʻia e ke aupuni Pekelala o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe i ʻeono pae. ʻO lākou ʻo ISO 3 (papa 1), ISO 4 (papa 10), ISO 5 (papa 100), ISO 6 (papa 1000), ISO 7 (papa 10000), a me ISO 8 (papa 100000);
- ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae?
ʻAʻole! ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae!!
Eia kekahi laʻana: tʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa 1000, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā ʻāpana lepo he 1000 i ʻoi aku ka nui a i ʻole like me 0.5um no ka kapuaʻi cubic;ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka lumi maʻemaʻe papa 100, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā ʻāpana lepo he 100 a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 0.3um no ka kapuaʻi cubic;
Hoʻolohe: ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi ka nui o ka ʻāpana i kāohi ʻia e kēlā me kēia pae;
- Ua ākea anei ke kahua noi o nā lumi maʻemaʻe?
ʻAe! Pili nā pae like ʻole o nā lumi maʻemaʻe i nā koi hana o nā ʻoihana a i ʻole nā kaʻina hana like ʻole. Ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻepekema a me ka mākeke hou ʻana, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka hua, ka maikaʻi, a me ka hiki ke hana o nā huahana i hana ʻia i loko o kahi lumi maʻemaʻe kūpono. ʻOiai i kekahi mau ʻoihana, pono e hana ʻia ka hana hana i loko o kahi lumi maʻemaʻe.
- ʻO wai nā ʻoihana e kūlike ana i kēlā me kēia pae?
Papa 1: hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hale hana ʻole lepo i ka ʻoihana microelectronics no ka hana ʻana i nā kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia, me kahi koi kikoʻī o ka submicron no nā kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia. I kēia manawa, he mea kakaikahi loa nā lumi maʻemaʻe Papa 1 ma Kina holoʻokoʻa.
Papa 10: hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana semiconductor me ka bandwidth ma lalo o 2 microns. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ea o loko i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic ma mua o 0.1 μm a i ʻole like me 0.1 μm, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 350 mau ʻāpana lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui o 0.3 μm a i ʻole like me 30 mau ʻāpana lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui o 0.5 μm a i ʻole like me 10. ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana lepo ma mua o 10.
Papa 100: hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia lumi maʻemaʻe no nā kaʻina hana aseptic i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā mea i hoʻokomo ʻia, nā kaʻina hana ʻoki, me ke ʻoki ʻana i ka hoʻoili ʻana, ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana no nā poʻe maʻi e pili pono ana i nā maʻi bacteria, e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana no nā poʻe maʻi hoʻoili iwi iwi.
Papa 1000: hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana optical kiʻekiʻe, a no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā gyroscopes mokulele, a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā bearings micro kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ea o loko i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic ma mua o 0.5 μm, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 mau ʻāpana lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 5 μm a i ʻole like. ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana lepo ma mua o 7.
Papa 10000: hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻākoakoa ʻana o nā lako hydraulic a pneumatic paha, a i kekahi mau hihia hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka mea inu. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hale hana lepo ʻole o ka papa 10000 i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ea o loko i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic ma mua o 0.5 μm, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 10000 mau ʻāpana lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lepo o m ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 70.
Papa 100000: hoʻohana ʻia ia ma nā ʻāpana ʻoihana he nui, e like me ka hana ʻana i nā huahana optical, ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōnaehana uila nui, ka ʻōnaehana hydraulic a i ʻole ke kaomi, a me ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ea o loko i kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi cubic ma mua o 0.5 μm, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 3500000 mau ʻāpana lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 5 μm a i ʻole like. ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana lepo ma mua o 20000.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-27-2023