ʻElima mau wahi noi nui o ka lumi maʻemaʻe

Ma ke ʻano he kaiapuni i kāohi nui ʻia, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lumi maʻemaʻe ma nā kahua ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe he nui. He mau koi koʻikoʻi ko nā lumi maʻemaʻe ma nā ʻano kaiapuni e like me ka maʻemaʻe o ka ea, ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka ea. Ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi kaiapuni maʻemaʻe loa, hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o nā huahana, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka haumia a me nā kīnā, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka pono hana a me ka hilinaʻi. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā lumi maʻemaʻe ma nā kahua like ʻole e like me nā pono a me nā kūlana kikoʻī e hoʻokō ai i nā koi maʻemaʻe kikoʻī. Eia nā wahi noi nui ʻelima o nā lumi maʻemaʻe.

ʻOihana Uila

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka semiconductor kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona noi koʻikoʻi o nā lumi maʻemaʻe. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hana chip, e like me ka photolithography, etching, a me ka waiho ʻana o ka ʻili lahilahi, he mau koi kiʻekiʻe loa no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ke kaiapuni. Hiki i nā ʻāpana lepo liʻiliʻi ke hana i nā kaapuni pōkole a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia hana ʻē aʻe i loko o nā chips. No ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻana o nā chips me kahi kaʻina hana o 28 nanometers a ma lalo, pono e hana ʻia i loko o kahi lumi maʻemaʻe o ka pae ISO 3-ISO 4 e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka chip. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā hōʻike kristal wai (LCDs) a me nā hōʻike diode kukui organik (OLEDs) ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā lumi maʻemaʻe. I ke kaʻina hana hana o kēia mau hōʻike, e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka kristal wai a me ka uhi ʻana o nā mea organik, kōkua kahi kaiapuni maʻemaʻe i ka pale ʻana i nā hemahema e like me nā pikela make a me nā wahi ʻālohilohi ma ka pale.

Lapaʻau Olaola

ʻO ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau kahi mea hoʻohana nui o nā lumi maʻemaʻe. Inā paha he hana ʻana i nā lāʻau kemika a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau olaola, pono e hoʻokō ʻia nā pilina āpau mai ka hana ʻana i nā mea maka a hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe. ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau sterile, e like me nā injections a me nā hoʻomākaukau ophthalmic, pono ke kāohi koʻikoʻi o nā microorganism a me nā ʻāpana. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea lapaʻau, e like me nā mea lapaʻau implantable a me nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, i loko o kahi lumi maʻemaʻe e hōʻoia i ka sterility a me ka haumia ʻole o nā ʻāpana o nā lako, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka palekana o nā maʻi. ʻO nā lumi hana haukapila, nā keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi (ICU), nā keʻena sterile, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. pili pū kekahi i ka māhele o nā lumi maʻemaʻe e pale aku i ka maʻi maʻi.

Lehulehu

ʻO ka hana pololei ʻana a me ka hoʻākoakoa ʻana o nā ʻāpana aerospace e pono ai kahi lumi maʻemaʻe. No ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻana o nā pahi ʻenekini mokulele, hiki i nā haumia liʻiliʻi ke hana i nā hemahema ma ka ʻili o ka pahi, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana a me ka palekana o ka ʻenekini. Pono nō hoʻi e hana ʻia ka hoʻākoakoa ʻana o nā ʻāpana uila a me nā mea hana optical i nā lako aerospace i kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe e hōʻoia i ka hiki i nā lako ke hana maʻamau i ke kaiapuni koʻikoʻi o ka lewa.

ʻOihana Meaʻai

No kekahi mau meaʻai waiwai nui i hoʻohui ʻia, nā meaʻai palaho, e like me ka waiū pēpē a me nā meaʻai maloʻo-hau, kōkua ka ʻenehana lumi maʻemaʻe i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola o ka huahana a hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lumi maʻemaʻe i loko o nā ʻōpala meaʻai hiki ke pale i ka haumia microbial a mālama i ka maikaʻi mua o ka meaʻai.

Nā Mīkini Kiʻekiʻe a me ka Hana ʻana i nā Mea Hana Optical

I ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini kikoʻī, e like me ka hana ʻana o nā neʻe wati kiʻekiʻe a me nā bearings kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe, hiki i nā lumi maʻemaʻe ke hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka lepo ma nā ʻāpana kikoʻī a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pololei o ka huahana a me ke ola lawelawe. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hana a me ka ʻākoakoa ʻana o nā mea hana optical, e like me nā aniani lithography a me nā aniani telescope astronomical, hiki ke pale aku i nā ʻōpala, nā lua a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻili o ka lens i loko o kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe e hōʻoia i ka hana optical.